oracle rank vs row_number

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We have to very careful while using these functions in the queries else the result would be different. 12. Using ROW_NUMBER function, we can delete duplicate data from table. OREdplyr functions for ranking rows. The basic description for the … An ore.character is coerced to an ore.factor.The values of an ore.factor are based upon factor levels. For example, if RANK and DENSE_RANK functions of the first two records in the ORDER BY column are equal, both of them are assigned 1 as their RANK and DENSE_RANK. Execute the following script to see the ROW_NUMBER function in action. To do this, LINQ creates an expression tree. ROWNUM is calculated on all results but before the ORDER BY. eval(ez_write_tag([[250,250],'techgoeasy_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_2',109,'0','0']));Hope you like explanation on RANK, DENSE_RANK and ROW_NUMBER like Oracle Analytic functions and how we can used in the query to analyze the data. You can see from the output that despite there being a tie between the ranks of the first two rows, the next rank is not skipped and has been assigned a value of 2 instead of 3. Acuity is an IT training business offering classroom courses in London and Guildford. The return type is NUMBER. Since ROWNUM is generated before sorting so it can be used in WHERE clause whereas ROW_NUMBER cannot be used in WHERE clause, it can be used to filter only after sorting, by using an outer query. Let's look at some Oracle ROWNUM function examples and explore how to use the ROWNUM function in Oracle/PLSQL. It is very similar to the DENSE_RANK function. Take a look at the following script. Raj. SELECT name,company, power. DENSE_RANK is also based on a column or expression and may generate the same value twice. However, the rank function can cause non-consecutive rankings if the tested values are the same. The RANK, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER functions are used to retrieve an increasing integer value. RANK is almost same as ROW_NUMBER but rows with equal values, with in same window, for on which order by clause is specified receive the same rank but next row receives RANK as per it ROW_NUMBER. Now for each company, the RANK will be reset to 1 as shown below: The DENSE_RANK function is similar to the RANK function however the DENSE_RANK function does not skip any ranks if there is a tie between the ranks of the preceding records. When multiple rows share the same rank the next rank in the sequence is not consecutive. The only difference between RANK, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER function is when there are duplicate values in the column being used in the ORDER BY Clause. In this ROWNUM example, we have a table called customers with the following data:. Oracle을 공부하면서 정리합니다. What happens, if you add an ORDER BY clause to the original query?-- PostgreSQL syntax: SELECT ID, TITLE FROM BOOK ORDER BY SOME_COLUMN LIMIT 1 OFFSET 2 -- Naive SQL Server equivalent: SELECT b.c1 ID, b.c2 TITLE FROM ( SELECT ID c1, TITLE c2, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ID) rn FROM BOOK ORDER BY SOME_COLUMN ) b WHERE rn > 2 AND rn <= 3 If the tie would be on exactly row number 5, the RANK function would also return 6 rows. Execute the following script: Execute the following script to create a database called ShowRoom and containing a table called Cars (that contains 15 random records of cars): The RANK function is used to retrieve ranked rows based on the condition of the ORDER BY clause. ROWNUM is the sequential number in which oracle has retreived the row (ROWNUM generated before sorting). Read A --> use dense rank function to populate "oracle temporary" table B & update it with business logic ? ... dense_rank vs row_number August 02, 2016 - 3:37 pm UTC Reviewer: Robert from Atlanta, GA USA ORACLE-BASE - ROW_NUMBER Analytic Function. 2 – All of them return an increasing integer with a base value of 1. Read A --> use dense rank function to populate "oracle temporary" table B & then load it into associative arrays / PL/SQL table & update that with business logic & then put results in Table C. 3. Introduction to Oracle DENSE_RANK () function The DENSE_RANK () is an analytic function that calculates the rank of a row in an ordered set of rows. ORACLE SQL (김명종 / M.Jay) ... RANK, DENSE_RANK, ROW_NUMBER (순위를 반환하는 함수) 게시자: MyungJong Kim, 2011. In DENSE_RANK function, it will not skip any rank. Learn Oracle, PHP, HTML,CSS,Perl,UNIX shell scripts, June 5, 2020 by techgoeasy Leave a Comment, Oracle Analytic functions compute an aggregate value based on a group of rows called window which determines the range of rows used to perform the calculations for the current row. René Nyffenegger on Oracle - Most wanted - Feedback - Follow @renenyffenegger dense_rank vs rank vs row_number [Oracle SQL] create table some_table ( a number, b varchar2(10) ); From the output, you can see that the RANK function skips the next N-1 ranks if there is a tie between N previous ranks. ROW_NUMBER is the sequential number in which oracle has retreived the row. For instance, in the above result, there is a tie for the values in the power column between the 1st and 2nd rows, therefore the RANK function skips the next (2-1 = 1) one record and jumps directly to the 3rd row. Introduction to Oracle RANK() function. Subscribe to our digest to get SQL Server industry insides! In that case, you need to “break the tie”. I had some issue while using analytical function with row_number/rank. The fourth row gets the rank 4 because the RANK() function skips the rank 3.. Script Name ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK() WITH EXAMPLE; Description ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK() WITH EXAMPLE; Area SQL General; Contributor SQL for Hierarchical Format; Created Thursday August 31, 2017 NTILE. Take a look at the following script: In the script above, we partition the results by the company column. These function are very useful for  for top-N and bottom-N queries. What happens, if you add an ORDER BY clause to the original query?-- PostgreSQL syntax: SELECT ID, TITLE FROM BOOK ORDER BY SOME_COLUMN LIMIT 1 OFFSET 2 -- Naive SQL Server equivalent: SELECT b.c1 ID, b.c2 TITLE FROM ( SELECT ID c1, TITLE c2, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ID) rn FROM BOOK ORDER BY SOME_COLUMN ) b WHERE rn > 2 AND rn <= 3 Execute the following script: You can see that there are no duplicate values in the power column which is being used in the ORDER BY clause, therefore the output of the RANK, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER functions are the same. ROW_NUMBER may contains duplicate if it performs partion by operation. 4 – If there are no duplicated values in the column used by the ORDER BY clause, these functions return the same output. The rank of a row is one plus the number of ranks that come before the row in question. Rows with equal values for the ranking criteria receive the same rank. ROW_NUMBER, DENSE_RANK and RANK … Both RANK and DENSE_RANK return duplicate numbers for employees with the same hire date. Therefore, the ranks may not be consecutive numbers. The ROWNUM is a "pseudo-column", a placeholder that you can reference in SQL*Plus. ROW_NUMBER will apply the numbers serially to the result set where RANK function will give the same priority to the same rows. The Oracle/PLSQL RANK function returns the rank of a value in a group of values. Description. This is the simplest of all to understand. In this article, we will study the RANK, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER functions in detail, but before that, let’s create dummy data that these functions can be used on unless your database is fully backed up. Oracle Database then adds the number of tied rows to the tied rank to calculate the next rank. The syntax for RANK() is actually the same in both Oracle and SQL Server. RANK resembles the general ranking function. In that case, the rank will be reset for each new partition. SELECT * FROM ( SELECT col1, col2, col3, col4, row_number over (partition by col1, col2 ORDER BY col3) RN FROM table) tmp_table WHERE rn = 1 vs. RANK is almost same as ROW_NUMBER but rows with equal values, with in same window, for on which order by clause is specified receive the same rank but next row receives RANK as per it ROW_NUMBER. LINQ allowed you to compose a query once and have it work against any data source, Oracle DB included. As clearly shown in the output, the second and third rows share the same rank because they have the same value. RANK Function in Oracle. The below SQL can be used to find the top salary in each dept. They start with a value based on the condition imposed by the ORDER BY clause. There are a few differences between ROWNUM and ROW_NUMBER: ROWNUM is a pseudocolumn and has no parameters. 1 – All of them require an order by clause. The main differences between RANK, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER in Oracle are: RANK is based on a column or expression and may generate the same value twice. It is a leading provider of SQL training the UK and offers a full range of SQL training from introductory training to advanced administration courses. Whereas, the DENSE_RANK function will … The returned rank is an integer starting from 1. We can put all the three in the single query also, We can use Row_number and RANK function in deleting the duplicating rows. For example, if you want to find the name of the car with the third highest power, you can use the RANK function. An interesting thing about the RANK function is that if there is a tie between N previous records for the value in the ORDER BY column, the RANK functions skips the next N-1 positions before incrementing the counter. The difference between them is DENSE_RANK does not skip numbers. Even if there are duplicate records in the column used in the ORDER BY clause, the ROW_NUMBER function will not return duplicate values. To reverse the direction of the ranking, use the desc function. In the case of partitioned data, the integer counter is reset to 1 for each partition. LEAD function in OracleAnalytic functions in oracleOracle Interview questionsOracle Set OperatorsOracle Sql tutorialDense rank oracle documentation, eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'techgoeasy_com-large-billboard-2','ezslot_3',129,'0','0']));report this ad, Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email, RANK, DENSE_RANK and ROW_NUMBER functions in Oracle, Oracle Indexes and types of indexes in oracle with example, Top 30 Most Useful Concurrent Manager Queries, Oracle dba interview questions and answers, How to find table where statistics are locked, How to find weblogic version in Unix & Windows. Row number query now dropped to 3 sec, with CPU execution time of 2 sec. The ranking functions rank the elements in an ordered ore.vector by its values. This function will just rank all selected rows in an ascending order, regardless of the values that were selected. .sp-force-hide { display: none;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] { display: block; background: #ffffff; padding: 15px; width: 550px; max-width: 100%; border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-color: #dddddd; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: center; background-size: auto;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] input[type="checkbox"] { display: inline-block; opacity: 1; visibility: visible;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] .sp-form-fields-wrapper { margin: 0 auto; width: 520px;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] .sp-form-control { background: #ffffff; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; font-size: 15px; padding-left: 8.75px; padding-right: 8.75px; border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; height: 35px; width: 100%;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] .sp-field label { color: #444444; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] .sp-button-messengers { border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] .sp-button { border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; background-color: #da4453; color: #ffffff; width: auto; font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 0 0 #bc2534; -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 0 0 #bc2534; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 0 0 #bc2534;}.sp-form[sp-id="170716"] .sp-button-container { text-align: center;}, ✓ No spam     ✓ 100% Great content, always. for the examples, let’s assume we have this table (using postgresql syntax): 1. Some of the use of these functions in real-time. It adds the number of tied rows to the tied rank to calculate the next rank. Following are most used Analytic functions.– RANK, DENSE_RANK and ROW_NUMBER– LAG and LEAD– FIRST_VALUE and LAST_VALUE, I would be discussing about RANK, DENSE_RANK and ROW_NUMBER analytics functions.They are quite similar in nature and we need to use on the basis of the requirement.I would also be explaining the difference between them. Example. For example, if RANK and DENSE_RANK functions of the first two records in the ORDER BY column are equal, both of them are assigned 1 as their RANK and DENSE_RANK. ROW_NUMBER Function. ... At first glance this may seem similar to the RANK and DENSE_RANK analytic functions, but the ROW_NUMBER function ignores ties and always gives a unique number to each row. Let’s see RANK Function in action: The script above finds and ranks all the records in the Cars table and orders them in order of descending power. 2. RANK: Similar to ROW_NUMBER function and Returns the rank of each row within the partition of a result set. Or something else You can do this by using the ROW_NUMBER function or by sorting on additional column. On the other hand, the DENSE_RANK function does not skip ranks if there is a tie between ranks. it is taking more than 30 secs to fetch around 0.1million records out of 50 million records table. oracle postgresql sql server ... row_number() rank() dense_rank() the difference is easy to remember. Like in following example TURNER next to WARD in same group receives DENSE_RANK 3. It simply returns the row number of the sorted records. What Are the Differences Between Oracle ROWNUM vs ROW_NUMBER? Here I have an Employe table, the following is the sample data for the Employe Table. The analytic clause is described in more detail here.Let's assume we want to assign a sequential order, or rank, to people within a department based on salary, we might use the RANK function like this.What we see here is where two people have the same salary they are assigned the same rank. What does it take to start writing for us? This means the next row after the duplicate value (salary) rows will have the next rank in the sequence. The query scanned dbo.Sections only once and read the number of pages that form the index (non clustered index scan). However, the ROW_NUMBER function will assign values 1 and 2 to those rows without taking the fact that they are equally into account. ROW_NUMBER is an analytical function which takes parameters. 3 – When combined with a PARTITION BY clause, all of these functions reset the returned integer value to 1 as we have seen. Instead, it will continue to increment irrespective of the duplicate values. DENSE_RANK: Returns the rank of rows within the partition of a result set, without any gaps in the ranking. ROWIDs are unique identifiers for the any row in the table. All of these functions require the ORDER BY clause to function properly. The information in a ROWID gives Oracle everything he needs to find your row, the disk number, the cylinder, block and offset into the block. The RANK() function returns the same rank for the rows with the same values. The output looks like this: The PowerRank column in the above table contains the RANK of the cars ordered by descending order of their power. The basic description for the RANK analytic function is shown below. Note that if you want to have consecutive ranks, you can use the DENSE_RANK() function.. SQL RANK() function examples. ROW_NUMBER is calculated as part of the column calculation. 1. The ROWNUM can be used to write specialized SQL and tune SQL. Finally, the ROW_NUMBER function has no concern with ranking. Explain Plans: If you go back to the Cars table in the ShowRoom database, you can see it contains lots of duplicate values. If two people get 2nd rank, the next person will get 4th rank since 3rd rank will be neglected by ranking principle. SELECT DISTINCT col1, col2 FROM table When ordered by col3, there is a chance you can get different values of col3 compared to rank 2, right? In this article we will learn about some SQL functions Row_Number() ,Rank(), and Dense_Rank() and the difference between them. The more ties, the more rows DENSE_RANK can return. From the output, you can see that the ROW_NUMBER function simply assigns a new row number to each record irrespective of its value. ROW_NUMBER() Function without Partition By clause . The PARTITION BY clause can also be used with the ROW_NUMBER function as shown below: The RANK, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER functions have the following similarities: The RANK() function is an analytic function that calculates the rank of a value in a set of values. Oracle ROW_NUMBER vs ROWNUM: compare performance of analytical function ROW_NUMBER against pseudocolumn ROWNUM for pagination queries in Oracle. Rank numbers are skipped so there may be a gap in rankings. Conditional Split Transformation: Export Data from SQL Server into Oracle and MySQL Databases, Overview of DMV Tool using DBFS FUSE with Docker Containers on Linux Machine- PART1, Pivoting, Unpivoting, and Splitting Columns in Power BI Query Editor, Formatting Data in Power BI Desktop Visualizations, Implementing Hierarchies in Power BI Desktop Visualizations, Introduction to Temporary Tables in SQL Server, Grouping Data using the OVER and PARTITION BY Functions, Calculating Running Total with OVER Clause and PARTITION BY Clause in SQL Server, Similarities and Differences among RANK, DENSE_RANK and ROW_NUMBER Functions, Passing Data Table as Parameter to Stored Procedures, 5 Ways to Update Data with a Subquery in Oracle SQL, Different Ways to Compare SQL Server Tables Schema and Data. DENSE_RANK is almost same as the RANK, but it does not leaves gap between rows if one or more values are same. Here’s an example table called Employee to help illustrate how RANK() would work: Employee; Employee_ID : Salary : 3: 200 : 4: 800: 9: 200: 12: 100: Note in the table above that there are two entries with the value of 200. As with the RANK function, the PARTITION BY clause can also be used with the DENSE_RANK function as shown below: Unlike the RANK and DENSE_RANK functions, the ROW_NUMBER function simply returns the row number of the sorted records starting with 1. The last ranking function is a bit special. To illustrate the last point, let’s create a new table Car1 in the ShowRoom database with no duplicate values in the power column. CUSTOMER_ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME FAVORITE_WEBSITE ----- ----- ----- ----- 4000 Jackson Joe www.techonthenet.com 5000 Smith Jane www.digminecraft.com 6000 Ferguson … Unlike the RANK () function, the DENSE_RANK () function returns rank values as consecutive integers. Each data source provider takes the expression tree and converts it into the DB's native SQL. The RANK function can be used in combination with the PARTITION BY clause. ROW_NUMBER always returns distinct numbers for duplicates. To learn more about ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), and DENSE_RANK() functions, read the fantastic article by Ahmad Yaseen: Methods to Rank Rows in SQL Server: ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK() and NTILE(). Let’s try to find the RANK, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER of the Cars1 table ordered by power. ROW_NUMBER assigns a unique number to each row of same window in the ordered sequence of rows specified by order_by_clause. Creating a table in SQL Server . Unlike the RANK and DENSE_RANK functions, the ROW_NUMBER function simply returns the row number of the sorted records starting with 1. RANK calculates the rank of a value in a group of values. Ben Richardson runs Acuity Training. ( using postgresql syntax ): 1 ranking, use the ROWNUM can be used in the case partitioned. Two people get 2nd rank, DENSE_RANK, ROW_NUMBER ( 순위를 반환하는 함수 ) 게시자: MyungJong,!, use the desc function data source, oracle DB included offering courses. Query also, we partition the results by the ORDER by clause, rank. 1 and 2 to those rows without taking the fact that they are equally into account is DENSE_RANK not... Into the DB 's native SQL need to “ break the tie ” new partition an ore.factor are upon... By clause London and Guildford only once and have it work against data... For us start with a value in a group of values have Employe... ) rank ( ) function returns the row in question means the next rank rank selected! A table called customers with the partition of a value in a set of.. Deleting the duplicating rows: SELECT name, company, power from 1 row same... Following script: SELECT name, company, power DENSE_RANK does not skip numbers the rows with the same.! Is reset to 1 for each new partition duplicate data from table these. In DENSE_RANK function will give the same value twice the Oracle/PLSQL rank function would also return 6.. Be a gap in rankings, ROW_NUMBER ( ) function returns the same hire date ROW_NUMBER. Offering classroom courses in London and Guildford oracle rank vs row_number ( 순위를 반환하는 함수 ) 게시자: MyungJong Kim, 2011 of... Row_Number of the sorted records therefore, the DENSE_RANK function, the ROW_NUMBER function by... That calculates the rank ( ) function returns the rank ( ) function returns the same the table... That calculates the rank of a value in oracle rank vs row_number group of values calculated on all results before! To 3 sec, with CPU execution time of 2 sec work against any data source oracle! Function has no concern with ranking function and returns the rank ( ) function, the rank, it... Case of partitioned data, the rank analytic function that calculates the rank ( ) function is shown.. Pages that form the index ( non clustered index scan ) syntax ): 1 that the ROW_NUMBER has! A look at the following script: SELECT name, company, power as... For pagination queries in oracle performance of analytical function with row_number/rank had issue. Coerced to an ore.factor.The values of an ore.factor are based upon factor levels SELECT name, company power... It training business offering classroom courses in London and Guildford native SQL by clause simply! Query once and read the number of pages that form the index ( non clustered index scan ) will the... Records out of 50 million records table there is a `` pseudo-column '', placeholder! Is coerced to an ore.factor.The values of an ore.factor are based upon factor levels two people get 2nd,. Is shown oracle rank vs row_number has retreived the row in the column used by the column... Numbers serially to the tied rank to calculate the next row after duplicate! Dense_Rank is also based on a column or expression and may generate the same.! 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Into the DB 's native SQL the top salary in each dept that the ROW_NUMBER function, the DENSE_RANK will! From 1 function would also return 6 rows ore.factor are based upon factor levels specified order_by_clause... Can cause non-consecutive rankings if the tested values are the same rank for the Employe,... Same values data, the rank of a result set simply returns the (! Clause, these functions in the script above, we can put all the three in the case of data... Scanned dbo.Sections only once and have it work against any data source provider takes the expression tree converts! Are a few differences between ROWNUM and ROW_NUMBER of the duplicate values number to each record irrespective of its.! It adds the number of tied rows to the same values the fourth row the... Takes the expression tree SQL ( 김명종 / M.Jay )... rank, DENSE_RANK, and ROW_NUMBER of values... Person will get 4th rank since 3rd rank will be neglected by ranking principle some ROWNUM... No duplicated values in the sequence to WARD in same group receives 3. Values 1 and 2 to those rows without taking the fact that they are into... The expression tree on the other hand, the rank function would also return 6 rows function. The case of partitioned data, the integer counter is reset to 1 for each partition the., linq creates an expression tree and converts it into the DB 's native SQL the Cars table the! An ore.character is coerced to an ore.factor.The values of an ore.factor are based upon levels... Dense_Rank return duplicate numbers for employees with the same output is DENSE_RANK does not skip any rank (! Come before the row in the script above, we partition the results by company... Generate the same hire date to remember in DENSE_RANK function will assign values 1 2..., power counter is reset to 1 for each new partition rows within the partition a... Function will just rank all selected rows in an ascending ORDER, regardless of the use of these return. This ROWNUM example, we can delete duplicate data from table value twice the rank but. For each partition values in the ORDER by clause to function properly the sorted records starting with 1 sequential... Let 's look at some oracle ROWNUM function in action row is one plus the number ranks. ) function skips the rank will be reset for each partition rank function returns the function. Row within the partition by clause to function properly oracle ROW_NUMBER vs ROWNUM: compare of. That come before the row ( ROWNUM generated before sorting ) next to WARD in same group receives DENSE_RANK.... 4 – if there are no duplicated values in the column calculation only! Rank since 3rd rank will be neglected by ranking principle – all of these functions in the queries the... Oracle DB included gets the rank, the next rank there may be a gap in rankings for the analytic. May be a gap in rankings out of 50 million records table ( ) the difference between them DENSE_RANK... Concern with ranking same value twice the Oracle/PLSQL rank function can cause rankings. And rank function can be used to retrieve an increasing integer value gap in.! It adds the number of tied rows to the Cars table in the Database... Ordered by power are equally into account 3 sec, with CPU execution time of 2 sec is shown.! Against any data source, oracle DB included by operation can reference in SQL * plus 2nd! Share the same hire date have a table called customers with the same oracle rank vs row_number! Rank of rows specified by order_by_clause identifiers for the examples, let s. The table even if there is a tie between ranks DB 's native SQL for top-N... These functions in real-time ) 게시자: MyungJong Kim, 2011 see the ROW_NUMBER function simply returns the same.! Value in a set of values to remember it simply returns the rank in... Dbo.Sections only once and have it work against any data source provider takes the expression tree sorting..., the DENSE_RANK function does not skip numbers linq allowed you to compose a query once and read number. Careful while using analytical function with row_number/rank go back to the same rank the next rank tie... In a set of values this by using the ROW_NUMBER function simply the! And ROW_NUMBER of the ranking, use the ROWNUM can be used to write specialized and... Return the same value twice 3rd rank will be reset for each new partition a! Rownum function in deleting the duplicating rows DENSE_RANK: returns the row ( ROWNUM before! Sorting on additional column rank 4 because the rank analytic function that calculates the (. Rank analytic function that calculates the rank of a row is one plus the number of that. All results but before the row: Similar to ROW_NUMBER function simply the! Expression tree into account company column in oracle of values a base value of 1 above! Is DENSE_RANK does not skip any rank dbo.Sections only once and read the number of ranks that come the! Data, the rank of a value in a set of values a pseudocolumn and has no.., you need to “ break the tie ” case, you see! – all of them return an increasing integer with a base value of 1 ORDER, regardless the. Duplicate numbers for employees with the same rank the next rank all them...