This can especially be said of the story of Europa. Kerenyi points out that these names are attributes of the moon, as is Europa's broad countenance. The invention of the telescope revealed that the planet Jupiter, clearly visible to the naked eye and known to humanity since prehistoric times, has an attendant family of moons. [4], Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē) contains the elements εὐρύς (eurus), "wide, broad"[5] and ὤψ/ὠπ-/ὀπτ- (ōps/ōp-/opt-) "eye, face, countenance". So some interpret this as her brother Phoenix (when he is assumed to be son of Agenor) gave his siblings' name to his three children and this Europa (by this case, niece of former) is also loved by Zeus, but because of the same name, gave some confusions to others. He seized the opportunity and killed him. In Greek mythology, Europa (/jʊəˈroʊpə, jə-/; Ancient Greek: Εὐρώπη, Eurṓpē, Attic Greek pronunciation: [eu̯.rɔ̌ː.pɛː]) was the mother of King Minos of Crete, a Phoenician princess of Argive origin, after whom the continent Europe is named. According to Herodotus' rationalizing approach, Europa was kidnapped by Greeks (probably Cretans) who were seeking to avenge the kidnapping of Io, a princess from Argos. In the more familiar telling she was seduced by the god Zeus in the form of a bull, who breathed from his mouth a saffron crocus[3] and carried her away to Crete on his back—to be welcomed by Asterion,[28] but according to the more literal, euhemerist version that begins the account of Persian-Hellene confrontations of Herodotus,[29] she was kidnapped by Cretans, who likewise were said to have taken her to Crete. The mythical Europa cannot be separated from the mythology of the sacred bull, which had been worshipped in the Levant. [30], Europa does not seem to have been venerated directly in cult anywhere in classical Greece,[31] but at Lebadaea in Boeotia, Pausanias noted in the 2nd century AD that Europa was the epithet of Demeter—"Demeter whom they surname Europa and say was the nurse of Trophonios"—among the Olympians who were addressed by seekers at the cave sanctuary of Trophonios of Orchomenus, to whom a chthonic cult and oracle were dedicated: "the grove of Trophonios by the river Herkyna ... there is also a sanctuary of Demeter Europa ... the nurse of Trophonios. By signing up, you'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions. At the end, Io reached the Nile River and transformed The myth of Europa and Zeus may have its origin in a sacred union between the Phoenician deities `Aštar and `Aštart (Astarte), in bovine form. Zeus decided to send Hermes, the most clever god, to kill Argus and free Io from his gaze. [14][18] In Crete she married Asterion also rendered Asterius and became mother (or step-mother) of his daughter Crete. In the 8th century, ecclesiastical uses of "Europa" for the imperium of Charlemagne provide the source for the modern geographical term. She is generally said to be the daughter of Agenor, the Phoenician King of Tyre;[14] the Syracusan poet Moschus[15] makes her mother Queen Telephassa ("far-shining") but elsewhere her mother is Argiope ("white-faced"). The discovery of Europa and the other moons of Jupiter not only had astronomical but religious implications. Roman mythology adopted the tale of the Raptus, also known as "The Abduction of Europa" and "The Seduction of Europa", substituting the god Jupiter for Zeus. Il décida d'envoyer ses trois fils Cadmos, Phénix et Cilix ainsi que sa femme à sa recherche. While Europa and her helpers were gathering flowers, she saw the bull, caressed his flanks, and eventually got onto his back. She goes down to the ocean with her friends to bathe and pick flowers, and Zeus arrives disguised as a magnificent bull. Zeus (Jupiter)
2. Mythe. In the middle of the 20th Century observations were made suggesting that the polar regions of Io were red. Mythology lesson 2 jupiter (zeus) 1. Europe est la fille de Agénor, roi de Tyr (région située à l'est de la Méditerranée) et de Téléphassa . She was the daughter of the King Agenor of Sidon and Europe was named after her. Europa is one of the Galilean moons of Jupiter, along with Io, Ganymede and Callisto. It should By telling the prophecy to Io, Prometheus gives her hope that will help her stay strong in … Other Greek Myths Io and Zeus M.A. Keroessa mated with sea god Poseidon and gave birth to a son, Byzas, who would later found the … That morning, Europa awakens from a strange dream in which two different continents were fighting over her. The first use of the term Europenses, to describe peoples of the Christian, western portion of the continent, appeared in the Hispanic Latin Chronicle of 754, sometimes attributed to an author called Isidore Pacensis[37] in reference to the Battle of Tours fought against Muslim forces. [35] Later, under the Roman Empire the name was given to a Thracian province. Her tale is also mentioned in Nathaniel Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales. Zeus transformed himself into the form of a magnificent white bull and appeared in the sea shore where Europa was playing. Europa in a fresco at Pompeii, contemporary with Ovid. As a name for a part of the known world, it is first used in the 6th century BC by Anaximander and Hecataeus. Europa was a princess of Phoenicia in Greek mythology.Her parents were Agenor, son of Poseidon, and Telephassa.Her brothers were Phoenix, Cilix and Cadmus.. Apollodorus, The Library of Greek Mythology (Oxford World's Classics), translated by Robin Hard, Oxford University Press, 1999. Thus, Europa is first used in a geographic context in the Homeric Hymn to Delian Apollo, in reference to the western shore of the Aegean Sea. Dans la mythologie grecque, Io (en grec ancien Ἰώ / Iố) est la fille (ou tout au moins la descendante, d'après le Catalogue des femmes la nommant « fille de Pirene ») du dieu fleuve Inachos, roi d'Argos, et de Mélia (ou d'Iasos et de Leucané). For other uses, see, Τελφοῦσ᾽, ἐνθάδε δὴ φρονέω περικαλλέα νηὸν / ἀνθρώπων τεῦξαι χρηστήριον, οἵτε μοι αἰεὶ the Belgian €10 European Expansion coin). Many myths render Hera as jealous of his amorous conquests and a consistent enemy of Zeus' mistresses and their children by him. With the pass… Europa though was not from Crete, for she was actually a born a prince of Tyre, a region now to be found in Lebanon, for she was the daughter of King Agenor, and his wife who was either Telephassa or Argiope. Galileo had a low-powered telescope and could not distinguish Europa from Io until 8th January. Galileo doubted this claim and catalogued the work of Marius as plagiarism. Io. Roman mythology adopted the tale of the Raptus, also known as "The Abduction of Europa" and "The Seduction of Europa", substituting the god Jupiter for Zeus. Asia (Anatolia coming equally from Ἀνατολή, "(sun)rise", "east"). Via Agenor, Europa was a great-great-granddaughter of Io, another famous lover of Zeus. Zeus sent Hermes to lull Argus to sleep and steal the cow. It … Europa was also another of Zeus's loves. The name of Europa is mentioned in many contexts, most of which deal with the divine union between a young girl and Zeus. This page was last edited on 22 December 2020, at 21:14. The astronomer Simon Marius named a moon of Jupiter after Io in 1614. She came down from Mount Olympus and began dispersing the clouds. Europa velificans, "her fluttering tunic… in the breeze" (mosaic, Zeugma Mosaic Museum), The Rape of Europa by Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre (1750), The Rape of Europa by Francisco Goya (1772), The Rape of Europa by Félix Vallotton (1908), The Rape of Europa by Valentin Serov (1910). Barry (1999): « L’Europe et son mythe : à la poursuite du couchant ». It is notable as the first collection devoted exclusively to biographies of women in Western literature.[34]. Zeus took that opportunity and ran to the sea and swam, with her on his back, to the island of Crete. Europa, in Greek mythology, the daughter either of Phoenix or of Agenor, king of Phoenicia. However, as soon as Hera saw that, she immediately became suspicious. After marrying Asterion, the story of Europa comes to a close, for although it has to be assumed that as a mortal Europa died, this is not recorded in the ancient sources. Europa is the namesake of Europa, daughter of the king of Tyre, a Phoenician noblewoman in Greek mythology. There were two competing myths[27] relating how Europa came into the Hellenic world, but they agreed that she came to Crete (Kríti), where the sacred bull was paramount. Astronomer Galileo Galilei gets the credit for discovering these moons, among the largest in the solar system. In his Mundus Jovialis, published in 1614, Simon Marius claimed to have discovered Io and the other moons of Jupiter in 1609, one week before Galileo's discovery. Greek mythology character, daughter of Agenor, "The Rape of Europa" redirects here. The tale also features as the subject of a poem and film in the Enderby (fictional character) sequence of novels by Anthony Burgess. Zeus took that opportunity and ran to the sea and swam, with her on his back, to the island of Crete. Zeus later re-created the shape of the white bull in the stars, which is now known as the constellation Taurus. Il leur donna l'ordre de ne pas revenir sans Europe et il ne les revit jamais. Io ( was, in Greek mythology, one of the mortal lovers of Zeus. Un jour, Europe cueillait des fleurs dans une prairie située au bord de la mer avec ses amies, les nymphes. The name Europe, as a geographical term, was used by Ancient Greek geographers such as Strabo to refer to part of Thrace below the Balkan mountains. Io bore a son, Epaphus, and a daughter, Keroessa, from Zeus. Tableau du Titien, milieu du XVIe siècle. Hermes defeated Argus by cleverly putting him to sleep with a series of stories about gods. Io was the princess of Argos, who Zeus fell in love with. The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a bull was a Cretan story; as classicist Károly Kerényi points out, "most of the love-stories concerning Zeus originated from more ancient tales describing his marriages with goddesses. not be confused with the Cretan Bull that fathered the Minotaur and was captured by Heracles. Zeus once saw her on the seashore of Phoenicia playing …   Female It is derived from the Greek word Eurōpē (Εὐρώπη) in all Romance languages, Germanic languages, Slavic languages, Baltic languages, Celtic languages, Iranian languages, Uralic languages (Hungarian Európa, Finnish Eurooppa, Estonian Euroopa). She was luckier than Io. While Europa and her helpers were gathering flowers, she saw the bull, caressed his flanks, and eventually got onto his back. She is generally said to be the daughter of Agenor, the Phoenician King of Tyre; the Syracusan poet Moschus makes her mother Queen Telephassa ("far-shining") but elsewhere her mother is Argiope ("white-faced"). [3] The earliest vase-painting securely identifiable as Europa dates from mid-7th century BC. Often Europa steadies herself by touching one of the bull's horns, acquiescing. [2] Another early reference to her is in a fragment of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, discovered at Oxyrhynchus. After arriving in Crete, Europa had three sons fathered by Zeus: Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Sarpedon, the three of whom became the three judges of the Underworld when they died. Dans la mythologie grecque, Europe (en grec ancien Εὐρώπη / Eurṓpē) est une princesse phénicienne, fille d'Agénor1, roi de Tyr, et de Téléphassa, et sœur notamment de Cadmus1. She had an affair with Zeus, which Hera never learned about and therefore, never tried to pursue Europa to punish her. It is common in ancient Greek mythology and geography to identify lands or rivers with female figures. He then revealed his true identity, and Europa became the first queen of Crete. 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