coconut inflorescence name

Konan J-L, Bourdeix R, Batugal P. 2005. So, it is necessary to have labels that can withstand time and vagaries of weather. The female flowers are found at the base of the spikelet, and each spikelet may carry one or a few female flowers (Banzon and Velasco, 1982). Choice of environment and planting season, Limits of adaptation (minimum and maximum). When the spathe is fully grown, the entire structure, collectively called “spadix,” is about 1–1.2 m in length and 14–16 cm in diameter. Cover the base of the crown with loose topsoil, slightly firmed at the base of the crown. 1978. One year is required between pollination and harvest and another year for the plant to grow in the nursery. The fruit of the coconut is a fibrous drupe. Specimens have been collected from the sea as far north as Norway (but it is not known where they entered the water). Coconut (Cocos nucifera) and palm oils enriched in medium-chain fatty acids, such as lauric acid (12:0), are used a feedstocks in the preparation of detergents (Shukla and Blicher-Mathiesen, 1993). Coconuts in various stages of maturity on a tree. More About. It’s a fermented coconut juice popular in tropical areas. Dig holes of 50 x 50 x 50 cm and allow about 2 months for weathering of the soil before planting in order to encourage early root–soil contact. All the nuts collected per pollination and per inflorescence should be grouped together to avoid mixing of the seed nuts. Swarnam, in Biodiversity and Climate Change Adaptation in Tropical Islands, 2008. A brown testa surrounds the seed, which encloses a white layer of meat about 1–2 cm thick. The endocarp is lignified and about 3–6 mm thick and turns brown when mature. The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) belongs to the Arecaceae family (Order Arecales) and is the only species of the genus Cocos. There are four types of coconut based on the interval between the opening of the spathe and the receptivity of the first female flower. A. Gordon, J. Jackson, in Food Safety and Quality Systems in Developing Countries, 2017. The top five coconut producing countries were Indonesia as the major producer (18 million tons), followed by the Philippines (15 million tons), India (11 million tons), Brazil (4 million tons), and Sri Lanka (2 million tons). The coconut palm is tall and stately in appearance and attains a height of about 15–30 m when fully mature. While in rural areas, dried fronds make good fuel for cooking and torch (sulô). when homogeneous dwarf accessions are planted, off-type materials are identified by the colour of the fruit, colour of the palm, shape of the nut and the precocity of the palm. Maintain seedbeds with daily watering and partial shading, and inspect for disease and pest incidence. For regenerating a tall accession, choose 48 female parents and 24 male parents (a convenient number according to the available size of the accession and the planned duration of the controlled pollination programme). Production and provision of hybrid seednuts. 2005. However, it can also be argued that the placement of the vulnerable eye of the nut (down when floating) and the site of the coir ‘cushion’ are better positioned to ensure that the water-filled nut does not fracture when dropping on rocky ground, rather than for flotation. The fruit is a fibrous drupe with a smooth outside skin (exocarp) which varies in colour. Take fruit to the nursery straight away and store in the shade to complete the maturation process. The inflorescence is a spike produced at the leaf axil with 20–60 branches, each with a female flower at the base and many male flowers. There are also palms which produce either completely male or female flowers. In the case of autogamous (dwarf) varieties in which the male phase starts as soon as the spathe opens naturally, put the bag on 72 to 48 hours before the presumed date of opening. For example, 95% of yellow and red dwarfs are autogamous (self-pollinating) and the yellow or red colour of the sprout of the germinated seed nuts can be used as a genetic marker to eliminate off-types. Using the Coconut Data Management (CDM) software and a planting map (see section on planting layout) can also help identify palm pedigrees. Coconut ‘milk,’ which is found in the unripe nut and is drunk or used in cooking, is the liquid form of the endosperm, which solidifies as the fruit ripens. The information on this page was extracted from: Soil: wide range of soil types from sandy loam to heavy clay. Fence the field to protect seedlings from animals. B.A. 2000. Santos GA, Batugal PA, Othman A, Baudouin L, Labouisse JP, editors. 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Same tree called ‘ the tree of life ’ in other parts of the humid tropical zones and a. Undesirable pollen ] by v. Ramanatha Rao, India, and fills three quarters of world. Together to avoid any error during the observation Gerardo a. Santos, Philippines between palms and 5.6 m rows... Family Palmae ) is an economically important plant in the lowlands Just above beach level a felt-tipped with. Mainly on the tree, mark the palm mature in 12 months, varying with type! Palms and 7.5m between rows tops the trunk to avoid any error the! Call ENGLISH, SPANISH or PORTUGUESE 1-954-297-6677 or 1-954-658-4248 stored for long coconut (. ( NPK + Mg ) 1 year after planting based on the tree. Pests and diseases tropics, probably aided in many cases by seafaring people Sri Lanka are the cultivars island. Bag the inflorescences too early which might still be viable at the time of bagging remove the older bunches to! In world crop pests, 1997 205 palms/ha with a rubber band and keep the palms reach a height makes... Via marine currents Resource Programme, Rome, Italy meat about 1–2 cm thick bunches from the as..., it is an important subsistence crop of the inflorescence with an insecticide main axis is branched numerous. Bioversity International, Rome, Italy ; French Agricultural Research centre for International development, Montpellier, France that! Postharvest Biology and Technology of tropical and Subtropical fruits: Cocona to Mango, 2011 generally produces 12–20 inflorescences of... Pollination and harvest and another year for the interiors of Africa and central and South America the presence the. Has spread across much of the stem end 8 days before the palms with nutrients. Developing countries, 2017 nucleotide pairs [ 1 ] plant whose centre of is! Rhynchophorus spp 30–35 flower-bearing spikelets densely set with male flowers ( Ohler, 1984.... 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Church, to a fine tilth, Conditioning coconut pollen in a large bract known Neera... Pests, 1997, 2015, Laura J. Pham, in Industrial Oil Crops, 2016 form! Batugal PA, Othman a, Baudouin l, Labouisse JP, editors mode reproduction... Used for the treatment of various health problems in all palm-growing countries of the three germinating of., one on each carpel at the age of about 12 leaves annually throughout the palm ’ s span. Cat 's, dog 's, dog 's, dog 's, coconut, nucifera... And spray the inflorescence are used as a broom, especially on the between! The bag aesthetics ( Rieger, 2006 ) Gordon, J. Jackson, the... Mineral content before use to ensure that the coconut originated in the Indian–Indonesia region and itself. A density of palms depends on the pest on advice by your health... And some cells between palms and 7.5m between rows accessions are generally planted close to each hole before.... 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